QuestionJuly 4, 2025

A heat engine absorbs 150 J of heat from a heat source. The heat engine does 50 J of work. How much heat flows to the heat sink? -100J 50J 100J 2 of 4

A heat engine absorbs 150 J of heat from a heat source. The heat engine does 50 J of work. How much heat flows to the heat sink? -100J 50J 100J 2 of 4
A heat engine absorbs 150 J of heat from a heat source. The heat engine does 50 J of work. How much heat flows to the heat sink? -100J 50J 100J 2 of 4

Solution
4.2(251 votes)

Answer

100J Explanation 1. Apply the First Law of Thermodynamics The first law states that the change in internal energy is equal to heat added to the system minus work done by the system. For a heat engine, this can be expressed as Q_{in} = W + Q_{out}, where Q_{in} is the heat absorbed, W is the work done, and Q_{out} is the heat expelled. 2. Substitute Known Values Given Q_{in} = 150 \, \text{J} and W = 50 \, \text{J}, substitute these into the formula: 150 = 50 + Q_{out}. 3. Solve for Heat Expelled (Q_{out}) Rearrange the equation to find Q_{out}: Q_{out} = 150 - 50 = 100 \, \text{J}.

Explanation

1. Apply the First Law of Thermodynamics<br /> The first law states that the change in internal energy is equal to heat added to the system minus work done by the system. For a heat engine, this can be expressed as $Q_{in} = W + Q_{out}$, where $Q_{in}$ is the heat absorbed, $W$ is the work done, and $Q_{out}$ is the heat expelled.<br /><br />2. Substitute Known Values<br /> Given $Q_{in} = 150 \, \text{J}$ and $W = 50 \, \text{J}$, substitute these into the formula: $150 = 50 + Q_{out}$.<br /><br />3. Solve for Heat Expelled ($Q_{out}$)<br /> Rearrange the equation to find $Q_{out}$: $Q_{out} = 150 - 50 = 100 \, \text{J}$.
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