QuestionAugust 1, 2025

24. List the specialized cells found on the villus epithelium and in the intestina crypts, the major secretion(s) of each cell & the major role of each secretion.

24. List the specialized cells found on the villus epithelium and in the intestina crypts, the major secretion(s) of each cell & the major role of each secretion.
24. List the specialized cells found on the villus epithelium and in the intestina crypts, the major secretion(s) of each cell & the major role of each secretion.

Solution
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Answer

Villus Epithelium: Enterocytes (digestive enzymes, nutrient absorption), Goblet Cells (mucus, protection/lubrication), Enteroendocrine Cells (hormones, digestion regulation). Intestinal Crypts: Paneth Cells (antimicrobial peptides, pathogen defense), Stem Cells (no secretion, regeneration), Enteroendocrine Cells (hormones, digestion regulation). Explanation 1. Identify Specialized Cells on Villus Epithelium The villus epithelium contains enterocytes, goblet cells, and enteroendocrine cells. 2. Describe Major Secretions and Roles of Villus Cells - **Enterocytes**: Secrete digestive enzymes; major role is nutrient absorption. - **Goblet Cells**: Secrete mucus; major role is to protect and lubricate the intestinal lining. - **Enteroendocrine Cells**: Secrete hormones like cholecystokinin and secretin; major role is to regulate digestion and absorption processes. 3. Identify Specialized Cells in Intestinal Crypts The intestinal crypts contain Paneth cells, stem cells, and additional enteroendocrine cells. 4. Describe Major Secretions and Roles of Crypt Cells - **Paneth Cells**: Secrete antimicrobial peptides (e.g., lysozyme); major role is to maintain gut flora and protect against pathogens. - **Stem Cells**: No secretion; major role is to regenerate the epithelial lining. - **Enteroendocrine Cells**: Same as in villi, secrete hormones for digestive regulation.

Explanation

1. Identify Specialized Cells on Villus Epithelium<br /> The villus epithelium contains enterocytes, goblet cells, and enteroendocrine cells.<br /><br />2. Describe Major Secretions and Roles of Villus Cells<br /> - **Enterocytes**: Secrete digestive enzymes; major role is nutrient absorption.<br /> - **Goblet Cells**: Secrete mucus; major role is to protect and lubricate the intestinal lining.<br /> - **Enteroendocrine Cells**: Secrete hormones like cholecystokinin and secretin; major role is to regulate digestion and absorption processes.<br /><br />3. Identify Specialized Cells in Intestinal Crypts<br /> The intestinal crypts contain Paneth cells, stem cells, and additional enteroendocrine cells.<br /><br />4. Describe Major Secretions and Roles of Crypt Cells<br /> - **Paneth Cells**: Secrete antimicrobial peptides (e.g., lysozyme); major role is to maintain gut flora and protect against pathogens.<br /> - **Stem Cells**: No secretion; major role is to regenerate the epithelial lining.<br /> - **Enteroendocrine Cells**: Same as in villi, secrete hormones for digestive regulation.
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