QuestionApril 24, 2025

4. (2 points) Explain the meaning of Gibb's free energy. How does it relate to the Second Law of Thermodynamics?

4. (2 points) Explain the meaning of Gibb's free energy. How does it relate to the Second Law of Thermodynamics?
4. (2 points) Explain the meaning of Gibb's free energy. How does it relate to the Second Law of
Thermodynamics?

Solution
4.5(295 votes)

Answer

Gibbs Free Energy indicates the spontaneity of a process; \Delta G < 0 implies a spontaneous process, consistent with the Second Law of Thermodynamics. Explanation 1. Define Gibbs Free Energy Gibbs Free Energy (G) is a thermodynamic potential that measures the maximum reversible work obtainable from a system at constant temperature and pressure. It is defined as G = H - TS, where H is enthalpy, T is temperature, and S is entropy. 2. Relate to Second Law of Thermodynamics The Second Law states that the total entropy of an isolated system can never decrease over time. For processes at constant temperature and pressure, a spontaneous process occurs if the change in Gibbs Free Energy (\Delta G) is negative, aligning with the Second Law by indicating increased entropy of the universe.

Explanation

1. Define Gibbs Free Energy<br /> Gibbs Free Energy ($G$) is a thermodynamic potential that measures the maximum reversible work obtainable from a system at constant temperature and pressure. It is defined as $G = H - TS$, where $H$ is enthalpy, $T$ is temperature, and $S$ is entropy.<br /><br />2. Relate to Second Law of Thermodynamics<br /> The Second Law states that the total entropy of an isolated system can never decrease over time. For processes at constant temperature and pressure, a spontaneous process occurs if the change in Gibbs Free Energy ($\Delta G$) is negative, aligning with the Second Law by indicating increased entropy of the universe.
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