QuestionAugust 20, 2025

9. Explain the relationship between a) the size of a positive ion and its atom b) the size of a negative ion and its atom

9. Explain the relationship between a) the size of a positive ion and its atom b) the size of a negative ion and its atom
9. Explain the relationship between
a) the size of a positive ion and its atom b) the size of a negative ion and its atom

Solution
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Answer

a) A positive ion is smaller than its atom. b) A negative ion is larger than its atom. Explanation 1. Compare positive ion and its atom A positive ion (cation) is formed when an atom loses one or more electrons. This loss results in a decrease in electron-electron repulsion and often leads to the removal of an entire electron shell, causing the cation to be **smaller** than its neutral atom. 2. Compare negative ion and its atom A negative ion (anion) is formed when an atom gains one or more electrons. This gain increases electron-electron repulsion within the same electron shell, causing the anion to be **larger** than its neutral atom.

Explanation

1. Compare positive ion and its atom<br /> A positive ion (cation) is formed when an atom loses one or more electrons. This loss results in a decrease in electron-electron repulsion and often leads to the removal of an entire electron shell, causing the cation to be **smaller** than its neutral atom.<br /><br />2. Compare negative ion and its atom<br /> A negative ion (anion) is formed when an atom gains one or more electrons. This gain increases electron-electron repulsion within the same electron shell, causing the anion to be **larger** than its neutral atom.
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