QuestionJuly 30, 2025

Hybrid orbitals can be occupied by electrons in isolated atoms all have the same shapes and energies when formed around a single central atom have similar shapes to s, p, and d orbitals in isolated atoms create sigma and and n bonds pi

Hybrid orbitals can be occupied by electrons in isolated atoms all have the same shapes and energies when formed around a single central atom have similar shapes to s, p, and d orbitals in isolated atoms create sigma and and n bonds pi
Hybrid orbitals
can be occupied by electrons in isolated atoms
all have the same shapes and energies when formed around a single central
atom
have similar shapes to s, p, and d orbitals in isolated atoms
create sigma  and and n bonds pi

Solution
4.5(158 votes)

Answer

Hybrid orbitals are formed during bonding, have similar shapes and energies around a central atom, and create \sigma bonds. Explanation 1. Identify Hybrid Orbitals Hybrid orbitals are formed by the mixing of atomic orbitals (s, p, d) in a central atom to create new orbitals for bonding. 2. Determine Electron Occupancy Hybrid orbitals are not occupied by electrons in isolated atoms; they form during bonding. 3. Analyze Shape and Energy All hybrid orbitals around a single central atom have similar shapes and energies, differing from isolated s, p, and d orbitals. 4. Bond Formation Hybrid orbitals can create \sigma bonds. \pi bonds are formed by unhybridized p orbitals overlapping side-by-side.

Explanation

1. Identify Hybrid Orbitals<br /> Hybrid orbitals are formed by the mixing of atomic orbitals (s, p, d) in a central atom to create new orbitals for bonding.<br /><br />2. Determine Electron Occupancy<br /> Hybrid orbitals are not occupied by electrons in isolated atoms; they form during bonding.<br /><br />3. Analyze Shape and Energy<br /> All hybrid orbitals around a single central atom have similar shapes and energies, differing from isolated s, p, and d orbitals.<br /><br />4. Bond Formation<br /> Hybrid orbitals can create $\sigma$ bonds. $\pi$ bonds are formed by unhybridized p orbitals overlapping side-by-side.
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