QuestionAugust 13, 2025

3. A neutral atom of calcium has two electrons in its outer shell. Which of the following will occur when calcium forms an ion? A. Calcium will lose two electrons to have a full valence shell. B. Calcium will gain two electrons to have a full valence shell. C. Calcium will add two protons to become neutral. D. Calcium will add six electrons to have a full valence shell.

3. A neutral atom of calcium has two electrons in its outer shell. Which of the following will occur when calcium forms an ion? A. Calcium will lose two electrons to have a full valence shell. B. Calcium will gain two electrons to have a full valence shell. C. Calcium will add two protons to become neutral. D. Calcium will add six electrons to have a full valence shell.
3. A neutral atom of calcium has two electrons in its outer
shell. Which of the following will occur when calcium
forms an ion?
A. Calcium will lose two electrons to have a full
valence shell.
B. Calcium will gain two electrons to have a full
valence shell.
C. Calcium will add two protons to become neutral.
D. Calcium will add six electrons to have a full
valence shell.

Solution
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Answer

A. Calcium will lose two electrons to have a full valence shell. Explanation 1. Identify electron configuration Calcium has atomic number 20, so its electron configuration is 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2. 2. Determine valence electrons The outer shell (4s) contains 2 electrons. 3. Predict ion formation To achieve a full valence shell like noble gases, calcium will lose these 2 electrons.

Explanation

1. Identify electron configuration<br /> Calcium has atomic number 20, so its electron configuration is $1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2$.<br />2. Determine valence electrons<br /> The outer shell (4s) contains 2 electrons.<br />3. Predict ion formation<br /> To achieve a full valence shell like noble gases, calcium will lose these 2 electrons.
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