QuestionJuly 31, 2025

What path can a light ray travel through the glass core of an optical fiber? angle of refraction angle of incidence light coupling mode

What path can a light ray travel through the glass core of an optical fiber? angle of refraction angle of incidence light coupling mode
What path can a light ray travel through the glass core of an optical fiber? angle of refraction angle of incidence light coupling mode

Solution
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Answer

Light travels through the core by total internal reflection, requiring an angle of incidence greater than the critical angle. Explanation 1. Understand Optical Fiber Structure An optical fiber consists of a core and cladding. Light travels through the core by total internal reflection. 2. Define Angle of Incidence The angle at which light enters the fiber core relative to the normal is the angle of incidence. 3. Define Angle of Refraction When light enters the core, it refracts according to Snell's Law: **n_1 \sin(\theta_1) = n_2 \sin(\theta_2)**, where n_1 and n_2 are refractive indices. 4. Total Internal Reflection Condition For total internal reflection, the angle of incidence must be greater than the critical angle, calculated by **\theta_c = \arcsin\left(\frac{n_2}{n_1}\right)**. 5. Light Coupling Efficient coupling requires matching the light source to the fiber's acceptance angle, ensuring maximum light enters the core. 6. Modes in Optical Fiber Modes refer to the paths light can take within the fiber. Single-mode fibers allow one path; multi-mode fibers allow multiple paths.

Explanation

1. Understand Optical Fiber Structure<br /> An optical fiber consists of a core and cladding. Light travels through the core by total internal reflection.<br /><br />2. Define Angle of Incidence<br /> The angle at which light enters the fiber core relative to the normal is the angle of incidence.<br /><br />3. Define Angle of Refraction<br /> When light enters the core, it refracts according to Snell's Law: **$n_1 \sin(\theta_1) = n_2 \sin(\theta_2)$**, where $n_1$ and $n_2$ are refractive indices.<br /><br />4. Total Internal Reflection Condition<br /> For total internal reflection, the angle of incidence must be greater than the critical angle, calculated by **$\theta_c = \arcsin\left(\frac{n_2}{n_1}\right)$**.<br /><br />5. Light Coupling<br /> Efficient coupling requires matching the light source to the fiber's acceptance angle, ensuring maximum light enters the core.<br /><br />6. Modes in Optical Fiber<br /> Modes refer to the paths light can take within the fiber. Single-mode fibers allow one path; multi-mode fibers allow multiple paths.
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