Biology

HS-LS4-2. Construct an explanation based on evidence that the process of evolution primarily results from four factors: (1)the potential for a species to increase in number, (2)the heritable genetic variation of individuals in a species due to mutation and sexual reproduction, (3)competition for limited resources, and (4) the proliferation of those organisms that are better able to survive and reproduce in the environment. Evolution is a fundamental process that shapes the diversity of life on Earth. It is driven by several key factors that influence how species adapt and survive in their environments. This review sheet will explore the four primary factors contributing to evolution: the potential for population growth, genetic variation, competition for resources, and natural selection Understanding these factors helps explain how species evolve and adapt over time. Main Concepts Potential for a Species to Increase in Number:All species have the potential to reproduce and increase in number. However not all offspring will survive to adulthood due to environmental constraints. This potential for population growth is a driving force behind evolution , as it creates the opportunity for natural selection to act on variations within the population. Heritable Genetic Variation:Genetic variation arises from mutations and sexual reproduction. Mutations are random changes in DNA that can introduce new traits, while sexual reproduction shuffles genetic material, creating diverse combinations of traits These variations are heritable, meaning they can be passed on to offspring and contribute to evolutionary change. Competition for Limited Resources: Resources such as food, water, and shelter are limited in any environment. Organisms must compete for these resources to survive and reproduce This competition influences which individuals are more successful in their environment and consequently, which traits become more common in the population. Proliferation of Better-Adapted Organisms: Organisms with traits that enhance their ability to environment are more likely to pass those traits on to the next

Which structure is involved in eukaryotic cell division? Centrosome Endoplasmic reticulum Keratin filaments Peroxisomes

6. Birth control pills deliver synthetic . A. Estrogens and progesterone B. Oxytocin and prostaglandins C. LH and FSH D. Testosterone 7. Which one of the following is not the advantage of asexual reproduction A. Little variation created B. No mate is needed, C. No gametes are needed, D. All the good characteristics of the parent are passed on to the offspring 8. Morally, teenagers are adult after they have reached puberty, when they are capable of having children. A. True B. False

Clara wrote the following hypothesis for an experiment about acidophilic bacteria. Bacteria cells will stop dividing in a basic (alkaline)environment because of the high pH. Which statement is the best way to restate the hypothesis so that it is more specific? Growing acidophilic bacteria in some environments will cause the cells to stop dividing because of pH. If the pH of their environment is changed, acidophilic bacterial cell division will be affected. If the environment of acidophilic bacterial cells becomes alkaline the bacteria will stop dividing. The more alkaline an environment, the less cell division will occur in bacteria.

Ascientist is examining the function of macromolecules in a cell. She notices that movement of large molecules into and out of the cell is disrupted when she damages one specific type of macromolecule. Which macromolecule has she most likely damaged? a carbohydrate a steroid a nucleic acid a protein

Grafting experiments involved in the characterization of florigen established that the factor induced by the inductive photoperiod is unstable. established that at least one element of the factor is a protein. involved the grafting of monocots to dicots. established that there is a nontransmissible factor that can promote flowering, even from plant to plant. led to the proposal of a flowering hormone.

What is the muscle that lines the urinary bladder? Detrusor Diaphysis Circularis Cremaster Ceruminous

What structure receives the filtrate from the descending limb of the nephron loop/Loop of Henle? Minor calyx Collecting duct Distal convoluted tubule Proximal convoluted tubule Ascending limb

Grasshoppers and rabbits eat grass. How will grasshopper immigration affect an ecosystem that supports rabbits as the primary consumer? The grasshopper population will decrease. The rabbit population will decrease. The rabbit population stays the same. The rabbit population will increase

The addition of what step separates lysogenic viral replication cycles from lytic cycles? A Assembly of viral particles. B Attachment of virus into host. C Integration of viral DNA into host DNA. D Release of viral particles by the host cell.