Base your answers to questions 7 and 8 on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies.
Agriculture had dominated the British economy for centuries.During the 18th century,
after a long period of enclosures, new farming systems created an agricultural revolution
that produced larger quantities of crops to feed the increasing population.In early
19th-century Britain, land was of great political and economic significance: the aristocracy
and gentry owned much of the countryside, and their tenants farmed and reared livestock.
New tools, fertilizers and harvesting techniques were introduced, resulting in increased
productivity and agricultural prosperity. Indeed, despite the phenomenon of urbanization
and industrializatior , agriculture remained a principal provider of employment in the
provinces, both supporting and being supported by industry.Geographical specialization
of products was established with south-eastern England specializing in grain, for
example, and Scotland or Leicestershire in breeding cattle and sheep. Paper money such
as that from Yorkshire or Herefordshire illustrates the importance of farming through
idealized images of agricultural bliss.
Source: "The Industrial Revolution and the Changing Face of Britain," The British Museum online
7 This passage would be most useful for
(1) studying how urbanization affected British
government policies
(2) explaining the economic benefits of the
Agricultural Revolution in Britain
(3) analyzing the distribution of natural resources
in Britain
(4) understanding how the Agricultural
Revolution led to British imperialism
8 What was one way British farmers responded to
the changes described in this passage?
(1) The enclosure system was eliminated.
(2) Agricultural productivity in Britain decreased.
(3) Farmers specialized based on their location.
(4) Most farmers in the provinces fled to the
countryside.
